voice and piano, but sometimes one voice and an orchestra. Art songs go back to the
Late Middle Ages, but they flourished in the Romantic era. Although there are art songs
in other languages, they are not called lieder. 19th century lieder were usually set to poems
by popular romantic poets.
A Liederkries (song cycle) is a collection of lieder meant to be played together. The
numerous lieder in the song cycle almost always have a common theme.
Johann Rudolf Zumsteeg (1760 - 1802) Influential ballads
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756 - 1791)
Mozart - The Complete Lieder (1 hour, 43 minutes, play)
Ludwig van Beethoven (1770 - 1827)
An die ferne Geliebte (to a distant beloved), Op. 98 (1816)
→ This is the first liederkries (song cycle) by a famous composer
Performed by Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau, baritone, and Gerald Moore, piano (14 min, play)
Carl Loewe (1796 - 1869) "The Northern Schubert" (loewe is not famous today)
Great 19th century lieder composers after Schubert:
Robert Schumann (1810 - 1856)
Johannes Brahms (1833 - 1897)
Hugo Wolf (1860 - 1903)
Gustave Mahler (1860 - 1911) (lieder for voice and orchestra)
A list of 100 popular art songs and song cycles
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